Germany · official public-finance data

Germany public debt (live)

The latest official debt figure, a transparent live estimate and the European context needed to interpret both.

Verified source · Eurostat 2026 Q1

Debt-to-GDP: 64.4%
EU position: #11 of 27
Official period: 2026 Q1

Live debt monitor

€3,019,856,211,578

€3.02tnmodelled estimate

2025 Q4€2.84tn2026 Q1€2.9tnEstimated now€3.02tn

+€117.82bn since the official anchor, extrapolated from the two latest quarters.

Continue the storyKey fiscal indicators

01 — Public finances at a glance

Key fiscal indicators

Read the period with each figure: debt is a stock at a reporting date; the budget balance, revenue, spending and interest cover a calendar year. Annual figures do not update with the live counter.

Government debt: €2.90T^p
Debt / GDP: 64.4%^p
Debt per resident: €34,004
Budget balance · EDP: -2.7%
Annual interest expenditure: €49.54B
Government spending / GDP: 50.5%
Government revenue / GDP: 47.9%

Debt per resident is a statistical comparison, not a personal amount owed by each citizen.

What the figures show

Debt/GDP changed by -4.4 pp, from 2021 Q1 to 2026 Q1.^p
Debt/GDP rank: 11 of 27 EU countries, highest first · 2026 Q1.^p
The EDP budget balance was unchanged at published precision, 2024–2025.
Annual interest expenditure changed by +8.1%, from 2024 to 2025.

Debt rose in euros while debt/GDP fell over the same five-year period.^p

Reproducible comparisons, not a fiscal-health score. Positive and negative changes need the context of the measure and period.

Germany recorded an EDP budget balance of -2.7% of GDP in 2025. Compare budget balances across the EU →

How debt per resident is calculated

EU Debt Map calculation · official Eurostat inputs

Debt per capita

€34,004

EU rank: 10 / 27

Debt at year-end: 31 December 2025
Population on 1 January 2026: 83,467,117

Uses matched annual dates, separate from the latest quarterly debt figures above.

A comparison, not a personal bill. Government debt per resident does not mean that each person owes this amount.

Compare debt per resident in the EU →

Eurostat · gov_10dd_edpt1 + demo_gind · Accessed: 5 September 2026. Methodology

About Germany’s public debt

This page shows Germany’s public debt as a live estimate. The counter is based on the two most recent official Eurostat reference points and extends the average change forward to today.

Above, you can immediately see the current amount, the change since the previous quarter, and the debt-to-GDP ratio.

Compare the two latest debt quarters

02 — What moved

The latest official quarter changed the debt stock.

Germany’s gross government debt moved from €2.84tn to €2.9tn between the two latest Eurostat observations.

A rising debt total does not automatically mean the debt burden rose at the same rate. GDP can grow or shrink at the same time — which is why the ratio deserves equal prominence.

Official debt stockRising

2025 Q4

€2.84tn

2026 Q1

€2.9tn

Quarter-on-quarter+€63.8bn

Modelled pace+€8,204/s

EU Debt Map calculations · official quarterly Eurostat inputs

Debt over 1, 5 and 10 years

End: 2026 Q1
Comparison period	Start	Change in euros	Debt growth (%)	Debt/GDP change (pp)
1 year	2025 Q1	+€200.43bn^p	+7.4%^p	+2.4 pp^p
5 years	2021 Q1	+€525.30bn^p	+22.1%^p	-4.4 pp^p
10 years	2016 Q1	+€695.00bn^p	+31.5%^p	-6.5 pp^p

Germany: debt changed by +€525.30bn (+22.1%) and debt/GDP by -4.4 pp, from 2021 Q1 to 2026 Q1.

Debt rose in euros while the debt-to-GDP ratio fell over this period.

Debt stock in euros · Germany

Official debt-to-GDP ratio · Germany

Each chart has its own labelled vertical scale. Gaps and flagged breaks are not joined. The table provides the exact quarterly values.

View quarterly values

Germany · Eurostat · gov_10q_ggdebt
Quarter	Government debt (€)	Debt / GDP (%)
2016 Q1	€2,207,033,900,000	70.9%
2016 Q2	€2,210,629,200,000	70.2%
2016 Q3	€2,204,211,000,000	69.5%
2016 Q4	€2,182,375,000,000	68.3%
2017 Q1	€2,158,506,800,000	66.8%
2017 Q2	€2,153,239,500,000	66.1%
2017 Q3	€2,148,062,700,000	65.2%
2017 Q4	€2,132,783,900,000	64.0%
2018 Q1	€2,111,454,000,000^p	62.9%^p
2018 Q2	€2,097,484,300,000^p	61.8%^p
2018 Q3	€2,098,484,000,000^p	61.5%^p
2018 Q4	€2,086,432,000,000^p	60.8%^p
2019 Q1	€2,097,732,800,000^p	60.6%^p
2019 Q2	€2,088,839,500,000^p	60.0%^p
2019 Q3	€2,105,994,200,000^p	59.9%^p
2019 Q4	€2,075,789,900,000^p	58.7%^p
2020 Q1	€2,120,960,100,000^p	59.8%^p
2020 Q2	€2,291,301,200,000^p	66.0%^p
2020 Q3	€2,365,719,800,000^p	68.5%^p
2020 Q4	€2,347,905,400,000^p	68.0%^p
2021 Q1	€2,376,731,200,000^p	68.8%^p
2021 Q2	€2,426,381,500,000^p	68.2%^p
2021 Q3	€2,459,888,600,000^p	68.0%^p
2021 Q4	€2,501,693,100,000^p	67.9%^p
2022 Q1	€2,504,071,200,000^p	66.5%^p
2022 Q2	€2,542,096,600,000^p	66.1%^p
2022 Q3	€2,555,593,400,000^p	65.2%^p
2022 Q4	€2,569,029,300,000^p	64.4%^p
2023 Q1	€2,595,785,200,000^p	63.9%^p
2023 Q2	€2,593,817,600,000^p	63.0%^p
2023 Q3	€2,635,861,200,000^p	63.2%^p
2023 Q4	€2,630,547,000,000^p	62.3%^p
2024 Q1	€2,638,519,300,000^p	62.1%^p
2024 Q2	€2,635,174,100,000^p	61.6%^p
2024 Q3	€2,671,666,700,000^p	62.0%^p
2024 Q4	€2,693,827,200,000^p	62.2%^p
2025 Q1	€2,701,606,500,000^p	62.0%^p
2025 Q2	€2,733,472,000,000^p	62.3%^p
2025 Q3	€2,789,527,600,000^p	63.0%^p
2025 Q4	€2,838,238,900,000^p	63.5%^p
2026 Q1	€2,902,035,300,000^p	64.4%^p

— = not comparable: an endpoint is missing, the series has a flagged break/definition difference, or the percentage base is zero. No nearby quarter is substituted.

Eurostat flags are retained: p = provisional, e = estimated, b = break, d = definition differs. Calculations inherit input uncertainty. Comparisons crossing b/d flags are withheld; forecasts are excluded. Other source codes remain visible; revisions are possible even without a flag.

Compare debt growth across the EU →

Eurostat · gov_10q_ggdebt · Accessed: 6 September 2026. Methodology

Official annual data · 2025

Budget balance

Annual fiscal balance beside the latest quarterly debt figures above. These have different reporting periods.

Budget balance · % of GDP: -2.7%
Previous year · 2024: -2.7%
Annual change: 0.0 pp
EU rank: 16 / 27

Balance unchanged from the previous year.

Government debt / GDP · Year-end 2025: 63.5%. Balance covers the calendar year; debt is measured at year-end. Both ratios use the same reporting year.

Budget balance over time · Germany

Annual balance, % of GDP. The dotted line marks −3%. Gaps mean missing data; points are not interpolated.

View annual values

Germany · Annual values · % of GDP
Reporting year	Budget balance
2015	+0.9%
2016	+1.1%
2017	+1.3%
2018	+1.9%
2019	+1.3%
2020	-4.4%
2021	-3.2%
2022	-1.9%
2023	-2.5%
2024	-2.7%
2025	-2.7%

Compare all EU budget balances →

Source: Eurostat · gov_10dd_edpt1 · Accessed: 5 Sept 2026. Methodology

Official Eurostat annual data · calculations by EU Debt Map

The annual cost of interest

Reporting year: 2025 · EU rank (Interest / GDP): 17 / 27

Annual interest expenditure: €49.54B
Interest / GDP: 1.1%
Interest per resident: €593
Interest / government revenue: 2.3%

Germany: annual interest expenditure changed by +€3.72B between 2024 and 2025; interest/GDP changed by 0.0 pp.

Interest covers the stated calendar year. Debt figures elsewhere on this country page can refer to a more recent quarter or a modelled estimate.

Annual interest expenditure · Germany

Interest / GDP · Germany

Each chart has its own labelled vertical scale, which may start above zero. Gaps and marked breaks are not connected. Exact values and source flags are in the table.

View annual values

On a small screen, swipe the table sideways for all columns.

Germany · 2015–2025 · Eurostat
Reporting year	Annual interest expenditure	Interest / GDP	Interest per resident	Interest / government revenue
2015	€42,913,000,000	1.4%	€525	3.1%
2016	€37,888,000,000	1.2%	€460	2.6%
2017	€34,489,000,000	1.0%	€417	2.3%
2018	€31,787,000,000	0.9%	€383	2.0%
2019	€28,052,000,000	0.8%	€338	1.7%
2020	€22,390,000,000	0.6%	€269	1.4%
2021	€21,756,000,000	0.6%	€262	1.2%
2022	€28,018,000,000	0.7%	€337^b	1.5%
2023	€36,848,000,000	0.9%	€442^b	1.9%
2024	€45,828,000,000	1.1%	€549	2.3%
2025	€49,544,000,000	1.1%	€593	2.3%

— means missing or not comparable. A missing year is never replaced by another year; percentages are not calculated from a zero base.

Source codes are retained: p = provisional, e = estimated, b = break in series, d = different definition. Calculations inherit source uncertainty. Changes crossing b/d flags are not shown; forecasts are excluded. Other supplied codes remain visible. Revisions are possible without a flag.

Compare interest costs across the EU →

Eurostat · gov_10a_main / demo_gind · Accessed: 6 September 2026. Methodology

Explore the annual spending and revenue accounts

Official Eurostat annual data · calculations by EU Debt Map

Government expenditure and revenue

Reporting year: 2025 · gov_10a_main

Expenditure / GDP: 50.5%€2.26T
Revenue / GDP: 47.9%€2.14T
Balance / GDP: -2.7%-€119.15B

Revenue − expenditure = net lending (+) / net borrowing (−). The balance shown here is the published B9 from the same annual accounts, not a subtraction of rounded percentages.

Germany: expenditure/GDP changed by +1.1 pp and revenue/GDP by +1.1 pp, from 2024 to 2025.

These indicators cover the stated calendar year. Debt and interest elsewhere on the page retain their own periods and sources.

View spending and revenue history

Expenditure and revenue · % GDP · Germany

Government expenditure
Government revenue

Annual balance · % GDP · Germany

Expenditure and revenue share one scale; the balance has its own scale and a zero line. Axes may start above or below zero. Gaps and marked breaks are not connected. Exact amounts, ratios and source flags are in the table.

View all annual figures

On a small screen, swipe the table sideways for all columns.

Germany · 2015–2025 · gov_10a_main
Reporting year	Government expenditure (€)	Expenditure / GDP (%)	Government revenue (€)	Revenue / GDP (%)	Annual accounts balance (€)	Balance / GDP (%)
2015	€1,373,293,000,000	44.5%	€1,401,532,000,000	45.4%	€28,239,000,000	0.9%
2016	€1,429,256,000,000	44.7%	€1,465,493,000,000	45.9%	€36,237,000,000	1.1%
2017	€1,484,552,000,000	44.5%	€1,529,123,000,000	45.9%	€44,571,000,000	1.3%
2018	€1,533,328,000,000	44.7%	€1,597,995,000,000	46.5%	€64,667,000,000	1.9%
2019	€1,610,615,000,000	45.5%	€1,657,564,000,000	46.9%	€46,949,000,000	1.3%
2020	€1,763,784,000,000	51.1%	€1,612,653,000,000	46.7%	-€151,131,000,000	-4.4%
2021	€1,865,819,000,000	50.7%	€1,749,189,000,000	47.5%	-€116,630,000,000	-3.2%
2022	€1,939,208,000,000	48.6%	€1,863,070,000,000	46.7%	-€76,138,000,000	-1.9%
2023	€2,031,433,000,000	48.1%	€1,926,184,000,000	45.7%	-€105,249,000,000	-2.5%
2024	€2,139,717,000,000	49.4%	€2,024,422,000,000	46.8%	-€115,295,000,000	-2.7%
2025	€2,259,341,000,000	50.5%	€2,140,194,000,000	47.9%	-€119,147,000,000	-2.7%

Compare spending and revenue in the EU →

Eurostat · gov_10a_main · Accessed: 6 September 2026. Methodology

European context

Compare with the EU and other countries

Each row compares the same reporting period. The annual debt ratio below can differ from the newer quarterly figure above. EU figures describe the 27 national governments, not the budget of EU institutions.

On a small screen, swipe the table sideways for all columns.

Germany · EU27
Indicator	Germany	EU27	Difference (pp)	EU rank
Year-end debt / GDP2025 · Source & calculation ↗	63.5%	81.7%	-18.2 pp	11 / 27
Budget balance · EDP2025 · Source & calculation ↗	-2.7%	-3.1%	+0.4 pp	16 / 27
Government spending / GDP2025 · Source & calculation ↗	50.5%	49.5%	+1.0 pp	7 / 27
Government revenue / GDP2025 · Source & calculation ↗	47.9%	46.4%	+1.5 pp	9 / 27
Interest / revenue2025 · Source & calculation ↗	2.3%	4.1%^pCalculated	-1.8 pp^p	19 / 27

Debt, balance, expenditure and revenue use Eurostat's published EU aggregate. EU interest/revenue is calculated as total national interest expenditure divided by total national revenue, not a mean of national ratios.

Ranks use one-decimal precision, highest first; ties share a rank. A higher spending or revenue rank is not a quality rating. Missing or marked non-comparable values have no rank or calculated difference.

A consistent comparison group

Germany, France, Italy and Spain provide a fixed comparison group on every country profile. The current country is included once. This is a selected comparison, not a full EU ranking or a list of geographic neighbours.

A consistent comparison group
Country	Year-end debt / GDP2025	Budget balance · EDP2025	Government spending / GDP2025	Government revenue / GDP2025	Interest / revenue2025
Germany	63.5%	-2.7%	50.5%	47.9%	2.3%
France	115.6%	-5.1%	57.2%	52.1%	4.3%
Italy	137.1%	-3.1%	51.2%	48.1%	8.0%
Spain	100.7%	-2.4%	45.3%	42.9%	5.6%

04 — Trust the number

Official where possible. Modelled where necessary.

Anchor

Eurostat provides the official quarterly debt stock.

Measure

The change between the latest two quarters becomes a per-second pace.

Extend

The live number extends that pace beyond the latest official date.

The live counter is an estimate, not a new official observation and not a forecast.

Official Eurostat debt periods: 2025 Q4 → 2026 Q1
Quarter-end dates: 2025-12-31 → 2026-03-31

Read the full methodology Open the Eurostat metadata ↗

Analysis and context

Continue with a focused analysis, then compare the country with the wider European picture.

Two neutral currency trays, sovereign-bond folders and a balance on an international treasury desk

24 August 2026Strong Euro, Weak Dollar: What Exchange Rates Really Do to European DebtA stronger euro can lower import prices and change growth, but it does not directly erase euro-denominated government debt. Here are the channels that actually matter.Read the analysis EU-wide analysis1 August 2026EU Debt Burden in 2026: Which Countries Are Under the Most Pressure?Eurostat’s Q1 2026 data puts Greece at 143.5% of GDP, Italy at 138.9% and France at 117.6%. See which EU debt ratios rose fastest and what the figures mean.Read the analysis

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Germany public debt (live)

Key fiscal indicators

What the figures show

Debt per capita

About Germany’s public debt

The latest official quarter changed the debt stock.

Debt over 1, 5 and 10 years

Budget balance

The annual cost of interest

Government expenditure and revenue

Compare with the EU and other countries

A consistent comparison group

Official where possible. Modelled where necessary.

Anchor

Measure

Extend

Further reading about Germany