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27 countries. A world of differences.

How is your country doing?

Explore government debt across the EU. And the story behind the numbers.

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Debt-to-GDP
Below 60%60–90%90–120%120% and above
France119.1%Debt-to-GDPEurostat · 2026-Q2
Explore France

Official Eurostat data. Free to explore, country by country.

The EU’s combined government debt

EU-27 modelled live estimate
Official anchor: €16.16tn · Eurostat 2026-Q2
27 countries in the shared official period

How does this counter work?

EU country debt pages

Government debt across all 27 EU countries.

Open the official debt profile for any EU member state.

Eurostat · Debt-to-GDP

Median debt-to-GDP
59.4%
Largest debt stock
France
Countries covered
27/27

Map colours use official observations; the live pace is a labelled model based on the two latest quarters.

Five years of official quarters

See the EU debt trend behind the live counter.

The live estimate gives the page energy. The official five-year series shows whether Europe’s combined debt is actually moving up or down over time.

Latest official EU-27 sum
€ 16.16 tn
Change over the chart period
+24.9%
View EU debt trends
Combined government debt2021-Q2 — 2026-Q2
Official Eurostat observations

Official quarterly figures; some inputs are provisional or estimated. Source and calculations →

Latest analysis

Go beyond the headline number.

Current reporting and deeper analysis connect Europe’s debt figures to policy, interest costs and the choices facing individual countries.

View all articles

Why it matters

Why EU government debt matters.

Debt affects borrowing costs, fiscal flexibility and how governments can respond when the economy changes.

Learn what government debt means

Compare all EU budget balances

Government interest costs

Government spending and revenue

01

Borrowing costs

Higher debt can make countries more exposed when interest rates rise and maturing bonds must be refinanced.

02

Fiscal flexibility

Debt levels influence how much room governments have for investment, public services and crisis response.

03

European comparison

Debt-to-GDP and official country data put very different economies on a more useful common scale.

Essential answers

FAQ about EU government debt.

01How is the live estimate calculated?

The counter starts with the latest official Eurostat debt value and extends the change between the two latest official quarters. It is a modelled estimate, not an official real-time statistic.

02What is the difference between debt and a deficit?

A deficit is the gap between government spending and revenue during a period. Government debt is the outstanding stock left by past borrowing, repayments and other changes.

03Why compare debt with GDP?

Debt-to-GDP compares the debt stock with the size of the economy. It supports comparison between countries, but is not by itself a complete test of debt sustainability.

Sources and method

Numbers you can trace.

Every official figure, calculated comparison and modelled estimate has a defined role on EU Debt Map.

  1. 01

    Official foundation

    Eurostat quarterly government-debt data; 27 EU countries share the 2026-Q2 reference period.

  2. 02

    Model clearly labelled

    The moving counter extends the change between the two latest official quarters. It is not an official real-time statistic.

  3. 03

    Country-level context

    Absolute debt, debt-to-GDP and quarterly movement remain separate so large and small economies can be compared responsibly.